For a beginner-level introduction to a topic, view Topics.Level Bust Briefing Note ATM1 - Understanding the Causes of Level Busts.Read this to get specific guidance about this topic.Level Bust Briefing Note Gen 2 - Pilot-Controller Communications.AGC Briefing Note 5 - Radio Discipline.More strategically, it may be possible to take account of flight deck workload issues when designing or revising ATM procedures.ĮUROCONTROL Action Plan for Air-Ground Communications Safety:.Avoid multiple frequency changes during high workload periods following take-off and during the departure.Passing the initiative to the flight crew ("Copy (clearance/weather info/etc.) when ready") could be considered if the ATCO workload is not excessive and the controller is unsure of the proper timing but suspects high crew workload.
ATCOs may not be able to avoid passing or revising clearances during periods of high workload however, by appreciating when these are most likely, by passing on clearances as early as possible and by carefully monitoring read-back, they can reduce the likliehood of flight crew errors. Control the speed of all transmissions to reduce the chances of pilot or controller error. Abnormal occurrences such as equipment malfunction or extreme weather and,. Engine start, taxi, take-off and initial climb, standard instrument departure (SID). Pilot workload varies markedly according to conditions and phase of flight. Both the flight crew and the controller need time to accommodate this deviation therefore flight crew should advise ATC of their request as far ahead as possible. a heading deviation or altitude deviation for weather avoidance, or an inability to meet a restriction). (ICAO Annex 10, Volume II, Chapter 5 Para 5.2.1.) Timeliness of communicationĭeviation from an ATC clearance may be required for operational reasons (e.g. Speech transmission technique should be adapted to the prevailing communications conditions. A slight pause preceding and following numerals makes them easier to understand Ĭ) maintain the speaking volume at a constant level ĭ) be familiar with microphone operating techniques particularly in relation to the maintenance of a constant distance from the microphone if a modulator with a constant level is not used Į) suspend speech temporarily if it becomes necessary to turn the head away from the microphone. When a message is transmitted to an aircraft and its contents may need to be written down, the speaking rate should be slightly slower to allow for that action. Fulfilment of this aim requires that air crew and ground personnel should:Ī) enunciate each word clearly and distinctly ī) maintain an even rate of speech not exceeding 100 words per minute. Speech transmitting technique should be such that the highest possible intelligibility is incorporated in each transmission. TIMELY COMMUNICATION DIFINATION FULL
Transmissions must be conducted concisely in a normal conversational tone full use must be made of standard phraseologies wherever these are prescribed in relevant ICAO documents or procedures. The necessity to repeat an incompletely copied or understood message can take time better used on other matters. Unless a message is copied correctly, its content may be misunderstood or not correctly acted upon.Ī message which is received at a time of high pilot workload may disrupt a sequence of actions being followed such as a check-list and one or more items may then be missed when it is resumed. If a transmission is received at a time of high workload, it may be incorrectly copied or misunderstood.
If the transmission is too fast, the recipient may be unable to copy it correctly.The speed and timeliness of transmissions make important contributions to the communications process:
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